Acetyl L-Carnitine is derived from methionine and lysine amino acids and this is primarily synthesized in the kidneys and liver. This is transported to various other tissues in the body. However, the highest concentration of Acetyl L Carnitine is found in the tissues that employs the fatty acids to be the primary dietary fuel mainly the cardiac and skeletal muscles. The supplement of Acetyl L Carnitine is very useful for the oxidation of fatty acid and helps in burning the unwanted body fat. The fatty acids are the main energy sources and the process called oxidation is the main to break and create it into energy. The fatty acids fail to penetrate the mitochondia membrane and Acetyl L Carnitine transports fatty acids through the mitochondia membrane allowing fats oxidation. Acetyl L Carnitine plays a vital role in the production of energy and supports the body functions that need high energy levels. This is available in many foods such as vegetables grains and meats. This is available in higher concentration in beef and lamb and the vegetables and white meats have least concentration.

Alpha Lipoic Acid, one of the most potent and active antioxidants since it is both a water soluble and fat soluble antioxidant. Alpha Lipoic Acid affects cellular metabolism and may speed up cellular energy production to help cells to heal faster.

Alpha-L-Polylactate can control the production of lactic acid in the muscles. It helps in the reduction of the “burn” which takes place during a strenuous exercise regime. Alpha-L-Polylactate can also minimize soreness of muscles, post-exercise. Combined with complex carbohydrate, it can provide sustained energy to the human body. This advanced carbohydrate molecule has been proven to accelerate the conversion process of lactic acid into glucose, which is used as energy. This means that the human body can be pushed harder during workouts and there won’t be any depletion of energy reserves. Your performance will improve due to low level of lactate in your blood. Alpha-L-Polylactate also enters the muscle tissues 2-10 times quickly as compared to simple carbohydrates. When combined with carbohydrates and electrolytes it can give good energy supply to athletes.

Arginine Alpha Ketoglutarate is an excellent body building supplement that helps in reducing body fat and in building up the immune system. It assists the metabolism of nitric oxides and increases the blood flow and oxygen to various parts of the body and carries nutrients to the skeletal muscles. As a result, the performance and physique of an individual are improved without excessive dieting or using drugs. Many athletes use it to improve their strength and muscle mass. It increases the secretion of insulin and growth hormones and is known to improve the growth rate in children. It is effective in treating people with burns, wounds and those recovering from a surgery. Patients suffering from trauma and malnutrition have been known to benefit from it.

Caffeine, a central nervous system stimulant used in CytoSport Monster Pump as an aid to stay awake, for mental alertness due to fatigue or, in combination with other ingredients for pain relief, and as a power and energy accelerate. Caffeine is available alone as a non-prescription drug over the counter medication, in combination with other non-prescription drugs, and in prescription drug combinations for relief of pain and headache. Like Ephedra, caffeine acts to increase mental alertness while providing additional energy for weight loss and exercise training. Caffeine is more than a stimulant as it goes deep into muscles to provide long lasting power while delaying the onset of muscle fatigue. Also great before working out, caffeine fights fatigue and helps you get ready for your workout. For dieters feeling sluggish that need just a little something extra to get them through the day, caffeine is the obvious no-calorie stimulant solution. Many products containing caffeine anhydrous contain as much caffeine as one or two cups of coffee. It is recommended to limit the use of caffeine containing medications, foods, or beverages while taking caffeine supplements as excess caffeine intake may cause nervousness, irritability, sleeplessness and occasional rapid heart beat.

Dextrose is one of the most important sources of energy for the human body. Also known as glucose, it is the main sugar manufactured by the body. This fast acting carbohydrate spikes the level of insulin to a great extent and shuttles creatine molecules in place where it should be. Dextrose is also preferred for restoring the level of muscle glycogen. Moderately sweet, Dextrose occurs in food naturally. Usually found in a powdery form, you can mix it with protein to make a healthy shake. It will not only help you get the required insulin spike but also give your muscles the energy they lost during a strenuous exercise regime. When mixing with protein you can keep the ratio of 2:1. If your weight is anywhere between 75-80 kilograms, don’t consume more than 50 grams of dextrose

Glucuronolactone is formed in the body by the liver and well known for its supply of energy and provides an increased feeling of well being in the body. It also improves time taken in reaction to different stimuli, improves memory and concentration power and overall grey cell performance. Glucuronolactone is a natural detoxifying agent that helps to get rid of harmful substances from the body by making them water soluble. Being an important component of most connective tissues in animals, Glucuronolactone supplements help in the cure of arthritis. Being a popular ingredient in most energy drinks, Glucuronolactone reduces sleepiness and driving mishaps that are sleep related. Rumors state that Glucuronolactone was initially banned by the US Government.

Glycerine is the impure commercial form of the pure chemical element ‘Gycerol’. It is essentially a neutral, colourless, sweet thick liquid with a high boiling point. Glycerin dissolves in alcohol and water and is an excellent solvent. Glycerin is also hygroscopic, meaning is absorbs water from the air, a property used in the cosmetic and healthcare products industry. Gycerin is one of the primary components of triglycerides and thus is produced through saponification or tranesterification. Glycerin can be used in the food industry as a solvent, a sweetener as well as a thickening agent. Its most widespread use however, has been in personal care applications. Since glycerin provides lubrication, smoothness and moisturises the skin, it is found in soaps, creams etc. It is also found in toothpaste, mouthwashes, shaving creams, cough syrups etc.

Kre-Alkalyn is a nutritional supplement with many benefits. It helps decrease water retention, alleviating the problem of creatine bloat. It also helps the process of absorbing more creatine in the body, which leads to eradicating the process of ‘loading’ required during consumption of the regular creatine monohydrate. It expedites the process of building muscle mass without the need to take harmful substances like steroids and hormones. It enables one get a significant increase in muscle in only two to three weeks. It also improves performance, enhances the intensity of workouts, heightens energy levels and speeds up recovery. It assists in building muscle while decreasing the body fat.

L-Arginine is an amino acid which helps our body oxidize glucose and fat and increase the body’s lean muscle mass. It is responsible for performing many numerous functions in our body. Our body produces L-arginine with the helps of other enzymes, but at a fairly inefficient rate. So patients with a history of cardiovascular dysfunction or any other heart disease are likely to get benefited from L-Arginine supplementation. Supplements of L-arginine prevent platelet aggregation and lowers blood pressure. L-arginine when taken in safe amounts can benefit men having sterility problems. Many body-builders also use it as a supplement because it improves blood circulation and stimulates the release of nitric oxide which in turn dilates the blood vessel. High protein food like nuts, dairy products, meat, seafood and chocolate are rich in L-arginine.

L-Citrulline is an amino acid that helps in improving the flow of blood by changing into L-arginine and then nitric oxide. Nitric oxide helps to improve the mental and physical well-being of an individual by increasing blood circulation. Due to this action of the amino acid on the circulation of blood in the body, blood pressure problems are kept well under control. l-citrulline assists in the stimulation of growth enhancing hormones, helps in promoting the smooth functioning of the Urea Cycle, responsible for building up a part of the energy reserve of the body and in fortifying the immune system. A deficiency in this particular amino acid leads to fatigue- both mentally and physically as well as being one of the causes of sexual dysfunction.

L-Glutamine is an amino acid that occurs most abundantly in the body by being released from muscles under stress. Aside from increasing the immune system’s efficiency to fight diseases, it also takes care of the normal functioning of the brain and the digestive system through the removal of excess ammonia in the body. A number of factors, such as stress, infections, injuries and surgery affect the levels of glutamine in the system, showing that the healing process is under way. Glutamine supplements may be used by regular exercisers to help in the recovery of muscular fitness after a workout. Glutamine, however, is known to be linked with infections of the intestine and users are advised to seek advice from professionals before ingesting this amino acid.

L-Isoleucine is one of the amino acids besides the other two, L-Valine and L-Leucine. These are found in all the forms of life as proteins. They are as well obtainable in the diet through vegetable and animal sources. L-Isoleucine is good to regulated blood sugar as well the energy levels. It is also important in the synthesis of hemoglobulin and thereby increases endurance. L-Isolecuine gets metabolized in the tissues of the muscles and the opulent L-Isolecuine sources are almonds, cashews and soy protein. Hence, this is prominent among athletes and is taken in combination with the other two amino acids, L-Leucine and L-Valine. L-Isoleucine is required for the formation of hemoglobin and also regulates as well as stabilizes the energy levels. The other food sources of L-Isoleucine are eggs, meat, fish, rye, chickpeas, chicken, liver and lentils. People suffering from physical and mental disorders are usually deficient in L-Isoleucine. These amino acids are required for the synthesis of enzymes, structural protein and for hormones.

L-Leucine is an essential amino acid that works together with isoleucine and valine, forming the three branched chain amino acids (BCAA). Leucine is easily converted by to body to glucose, helping to regulate and maintain the blood sugar level. Leucine promotes muscle recovery, muscle repair and provides the body with energy. It also helps in burning fat that are least responsive to exercise and dieting. Leucine helps in toning the body and the muscles. Leucine prevents muscle loss by breaking down and converting to glucose, this prevents the body from breaking down muscle tissues to create energy, particularly during intense workouts and heavy weight lifting.

L-Norvaline is a modified form of Valine, an amino acid found in the body. It promotes the increased production of nitric oxide in the body by blocking the production of arginase, allowing the body to make full use of the raw material required for building energy. Because it has the ability to increase the production of nitric oxide, the muscles are further supplied with larger amounts of blood after a heavy workout. Through the blocking of arginase, the body is able to increase the supply of arginine, which is responsible for the growth of muscular tissues. Arginine also increases the supply of growth hormones and lowers blood pressure. L-Norvaline boosts the immune system and is of great benefit to athletes who follow strict workout schedules.

L-Valine is the third branched chain amino acid and is required for muscle metabolism, repairs and regenerates tissue, and maintains the body's nitrogen level. It also is used as a muscle energy source and preserves the use of glucose.

Magnesium Creatine Chelate can help runners in reaching physiological threshold later in exercise. With the formation of this molecule, creatine cyclization to creatinine in the stomach’s acidic pH can be prevented. Active creatine is provided to the bloodstream by chelate. It also provides magnesium, involved in more systems of energy production than creatine. As compared to creatine monohydrate, Magnesium Creatine Chelate is more beneficial in the enhancement of lean muscle mass. It not only supports energy levels in the body but also increase power and strength. Magnesium Creatine Chelate is also useful in regard to performance nutrition. According to various studies, supplementation of Magnesium Creatine Chelate is beneficial on sets of maximal effort isokinetic knee extensions. It is more bioavailable as compared to creatine monohydrate and magnesium oxide.

Malic Acid is not only derived from food sources but the human body also synthesizes it through the cycle of citric acid. Carl Wilhelm Scheele first isolated it from apple juice in the year 1785. The name acide malique was proposed by Antoine Lavoisier in 1787. This organic compound is useful in production of energy during anaerobic as well as aerobic conditions. Since it is related to the depletion of energy during heavy exercises, healthy individuals can benefit from malic acid for enhancing production of energy. When malic acid is added to food products it is denoted by E number E296. It is used for providing the extreme tartness to candies like Sour Punch or Mega Warheads. Intake of malic acid in moderate amount doesn’t cause any side effects.

Maltodextrin is an easily digested carbohydrate.

Waxy Maize Starch (WMS) is a complex, long-chain, high molecular weight (much higher then dextrose and maltodextrin) carbohydrate. It is sugar and lactose free. It contains Amylopectin (95-99%) and a low percentage of Amylose (1-5%). WMS is taken as a supplement by athletes because it’s claimed that it restores glycogen levels faster than dextrose. It is taken post workout as an insulin-boosting carbohydrate source with a fast acting whey isolate or whey hydrolysate. Since WMS has a high molecular weight, it is digested and absorbed very rapidly, which in turn reduces the risk of stomach discomfort.